生物脱硫是工业行业中 常用的脱硫技术。生物脱硫又称生物催化脱硫(简称BDS)，生物脱硫(BDS)是利用微生物或它所含的酶催化含硫化合物(H2S、有机硫)、将其所含的硫积放出来(转化为S0或单质S)的过程。
Biological desulfurization is a commonly used desulfurization technology in the industrial industry. Biological desulfurization, also known as biocatalytic desulfurization (BDS), is the process of using microorganisms or their enzymes to catalyze sulfur-containing compounds (H2S, organic sulfur) and release the sulfur they contain (converting it into S0 or elemental S).
0105.13
one hundred and five point one three
机理
mechanism
生物法净化恶臭气体的双膜—生物膜理论，此为生物法净化气体可分为三个步骤：
The dual membrane biofilm theory for biological purification of odorous gases can be divided into three steps:
溶解
dissolution
废气与水或固体表面的水膜接触污染物溶于水中或为液相中的分子或离子，即恶臭物质由气相转移到液相，此步为物理过程亨利定律。
The contact between exhaust gas and water or the water film on the surface of a solid. Pollutants dissolve in water or are molecules or ions in the liquid phase, that is, the transfer of odorous substances from the gas phase to the liquid phase. This step is the physical process according to Henry's law.
吸附吸收
Adsorption absorption
水溶液中恶臭成分被微生物吸附、吸收。从水中转移至微生物体内，作为吸收剂的水被再生复原，再去溶解新的恶臭成分。
The odor components in aqueous solutions are adsorbed and absorbed by microorganisms. Transferred from water to microorganisms, the water used as an absorbent is regenerated and restored before dissolving new odorous components.
生物降解
Biodegradation
进入微生物细胞的恶臭成分作为微生物生命活动的能源或养分被分解和利用，使污染物得以去除。
The odor components entering microbial cells are decomposed and utilized as energy or nutrients for microbial life activities, enabling the removal of pollutants.
进入微生物细胞内的有机物在细胞内酶作用下氧化分解，同时进行合成代谢产生新的微生物细胞。
Organic matter entering microbial cells is oxidized and decomposed by intracellular enzymes, while undergoing synthetic metabolism to produce new microbial cells.
用双膜—生物膜理论解释生物法处理含硫废气时也有与以上相似的三个步骤：
There are three similar steps to explain the biological treatment of sulfur-containing waste gas using the dual membrane biofilm theory:
含硫气体与水或固体表面的水膜接触，气体中的硫溶于水成为液相中的分子或离子，硫从气相转移到液相，该过程为物理过程，遵循亨利定律。
Sulfur-containing gases come into contact with water or a water film on the surface of a solid. The sulfur in the gas dissolves in water and becomes a molecule or ion in the liquid phase. The transfer of sulfur from the gas phase to the liquid phase is a physical process that follows Henry's law.
水溶液中的硫在浓度差的推动下扩散到生物膜内被微生物吸附、吸收，硫从水中转移到微生物体内，作为微生物的营养物质和能源被分解利用。
The sulfur in the aqueous solution diffuses into the biofilm under the promotion of concentration difference, and is adsorbed and absorbed by microorganisms. The sulfur is transferred from the water to the microbial body, and is decomposed and utilized as a nutrient and energy source for microorganisms.
0105.14
one hundred and five point one four
方法
method
生物脱硫技术包括生物过滤法、生物吸附法和生物滴滤法，三种系统均属开放系统，其微生物种群随环境改变而变化。在生物脱硫过程中，氧化态的含硫污染物必须先经生物还原作用生成硫化物或H2S然后再经生物氧化过程生成单质硫，才能去除。在大多数生物反应器中，微生物种类以细菌为主，真菌为次，极少有酵母菌。常用的细菌是硫杆菌属的氧化亚铁硫杆菌，脱氮硫杆菌及排硫杆菌。最成功的代表是氧化亚铁硫杆菌，其生长的最佳pH值为2.0～2.2。
Biological desulfurization technology includes biological filtration, biological adsorption, and biological drip filtration, all of which belong to open systems, and their microbial populations change with environmental changes. In the process of biological desulfurization, oxidized sulfur-containing pollutants must first undergo biological reduction to generate sulfides or H2S, and then undergo biological oxidation to generate elemental sulfur in order to be removed. In most bioreactors, the microbial species are mainly bacteria, followed by fungi, and there are very few yeast. The commonly used bacteria are Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, Thiobacillus denitrifying, and Thiobacillus excreting. The most successful representative is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, with an optimal pH value of 2.0-2.2 for its growth.
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