沼气的净化一般应包括沼气的脱水、脱硫及脱二氧化碳。沼气中的水分与硫化氢共同作用， 能加速管道及阀门、流量计的腐蚀，硫化氢还对大气造成污染，所以要脱除。
The purification of biogas generally includes the dehydration, desulfurization and CO2 removal of biogas. The moisture in biogas and hydrogen sulfide work together to accelerate the corrosion of pipelines, valves and flowmeters. Hydrogen sulfide also pollutes the atmosphere, so it should be removed.
沼气如何进行脱水：从发酵装置出来的沼气含有饱和水蒸气，可用3种方法将其去除。
How to dehydrate biogas: the biogas from the fermentation unit contains saturated water vapor, which can be removed by three methods.
(1)冷分离法。是利用压力能变化引起温度变化，使水蒸气从气相中冷凝下来的方法。常用 的有两种流程：A．节流膨胀冷脱水法。一般用于高压燃气，经过节流膨胀或低温分离，使 部分水冷凝下来。B．加压后冷却法。如净化气在08MPa压力下的冷却脱水。
(1) Cold separation method. It is a method of condensing water vapor from the gas phase by using pressure energy change to cause temperature change. There are two commonly used processes: A. throttling expansion cold dehydration method. It is generally used for high-pressure gas. After throttling expansion or low-temperature separation, part of the water is condensed. B. Cooling method after pressurization. Such as cooling and dehydration of purified gas at a pressure of 0.8MPa.
(2)溶剂吸收法。属于这类脱水溶剂的有氯化钙、氯化锂及甘醇类。
(2) Solvent absorption method. Calcium chloride, lithium chloride and glycol belong to this type of dehydration solvent.
(3)固体物理吸水法。吸附是在固体表面力作用下产生的，根据表面力的性质分为化学吸附( 脱水后不能再生)和物理吸附(脱水后可再生)。
(3) Solid physical water absorption method. Adsorption is generated under the action of solid surface force. According to the nature of surface force, it can be divided into chemical adsorption (can not be regenerated after dehydration) and physical adsorption (can be regenerated after dehydration).
沼气的脱硫：沼气中的有害物质主要是硫化氢，它危害人体健康，对管道阀门及应用设备有较强的腐蚀作 用。目前，国内大部分用户均未安装脱硫器，已造成严重后果。为减轻硫化氢对灶具及配套 用具的腐蚀损害，延长设备使用寿命，保证人身健康，必须安装脱硫器。脱硫原理：在常温下含有H2S的沼气通过脱硫剂床层，沼气中H2S与活性物质(如氧化铁)接触，生成 硫化铁和亚硫化铁，然后含有硫化物的脱硫剂与空气中的氧接触，当有水存在时，铁的硫化 物又转化为氧化铁和单体硫。这种脱硫和再生过程可循环进行多次，直至氧化铁脱硫剂表面 大部分被硫或其他杂质覆盖而失去活性为止。脱硫方法：脱硫的方法有湿法脱硫和干法脱硫两种。干法脱硫具有工艺简单，成熟可靠、造价低等优点 ，并能达到较好的交货程度。目前家用沼气脱硫基本上采用这种方法。干法脱硫剂有活性炭、氧化锌、氧化锰及氧化铁等，从运转时间、使用温度、公害、价格等 综合考虑，目前采用多的脱硫剂是氧化铁。
Desulfurization of biogas: the harmful substance in biogas is mainly hydrogen sulfide, which is harmful to human health and has a strong corrosive effect on pipeline valves and application equipment. At present, most domestic users have not installed desulfurizer, which has caused serious consequences. In order to reduce the corrosion damage of hydrogen sulfide to the cookers and supporting appliances, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure personal health, the desulfurizer must be installed. Desulfurization principle: under normal temperature, the biogas containing H 2S passes through the desulfurizer bed. The H 2S in the biogas contacts with the active material (such as iron oxide) to generate iron sulfide and iron sulfite. Then the desulfurizer containing sulfide contacts with the oxygen in the air. When there is water, the iron sulfide is converted into iron oxide and monomer sulfur. This desulfurization and regeneration process can be repeated many times until the surface of the iron oxide desulfurizer is covered with sulfur or other impurities and becomes inactive. Desulfurization method: there are two desulfurization methods: wet desulfurization and dry desulfurization. Dry desulfurization has the advantages of simple process, mature and reliable, low cost, and can reach a good delivery level. At present, domestic biogas desulfurization basically adopts this method. The dry desulfurizing agents include activated carbon, zinc oxide, manganese oxide and iron oxide. Considering the operating time, operating temperature, public hazards and price, the most commonly used desulfurizing agent is iron oxide.
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