沼气生物脱硫是20世纪90年代发展起来的新技术,在国外已得到了广泛研究,在应用方面也取得了很大进展。
Biogas biological desulfurization is a new technology developed in the 1990s. It has been widely studied abroad and has made great progress in application.
沼气生物脱硫技术包括生物过滤法、生物吸附法和生物滴滤法,三种系统均属开放系统,其微生物种群随环境改变而变化。在沼气生物脱硫过程中,氧化态的含硫污染物需要先经生物还原作用生成硫化物或H2S然后再经生物氧化过程生成单质硫,才能去除。在大多数生物反应器中,微生物种类以细菌为主,真菌为次,少有酵母菌。常用的细菌是硫杆菌属的氧化亚铁硫杆菌,脱氮硫杆菌及排硫杆菌。成功的代表是氧化亚铁硫杆菌,其生长的pH值为2.0~2.2。
Biogas biological desulfurization technology includes biofiltration, biosorption and trickle filtration. The three systems are open systems, and their microbial populations change with environmental changes. In the process of biogas biological desulfurization, the oxidized sulfur-containing pollutants need to be removed by biological reduction to produce sulfide or H2S, and then by biological oxidation to produce elemental sulfur. In most bioreactors, microorganisms are mainly bacteria, followed by fungi, and there are few yeasts. The commonly used bacteria are Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, Thiobacillus denitrificans and Thiobacillus excretors of the genus Thiobacillus. The successful representative is Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, whose growth pH is 2.0 ~ 2.2.
沼气湿法脱硫
Wet desulfurization of Biogas
沼气湿法脱硫可以归纳分为物理吸收法、化学吸收法和氧化法三种。物理和化学方法存在硫化氢再处理问题,氧化法是以碱性溶液为吸收剂,并加入载氧体为催化剂,吸收H2S,并将其氧化成单质硫,湿法氧化法是把脱硫剂溶解在水中,液体进入设备,与沼气混合,沼气中的硫化氢(H2S)与液体产生氧化反应,生成单质硫吸收硫化氢的液体有氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、碳酸钠、硫酸亚铁等。成熟的氧化脱硫法,脱硫效率可达99.5%以上。
Wet desulfurization of biogas can be divided into physical absorption method, chemical absorption method and oxidation method. Physical and chemical methods have the problem of hydrogen sulfide reprocessing. The oxidation method uses alkaline solution as absorbent and oxygen carrier as catalyst to absorb H2S and oxidize it into elemental sulfur. The wet oxidation method dissolves the desulfurizer in water, and the liquid enters the equipment and mixes with biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in biogas reacts with the liquid to produce elemental sulfur. The liquids that absorb hydrogen sulfide include sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate Ferrous sulfate, etc. With mature oxidation desulfurization method, the desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99.5%.
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