沼气作为*提供农户炊用的一种气体燃料，应有一定的质量指标。硫化氢是一种带有臭鸡蛋味的无色有duqi体，也是沼气中主要的有害成分。它不仅危害人体健康，对厨房金属器具、沼气用具和管道阀门都有较强的腐蚀作用。因此对于农户炊用的沼气一定要安装脱硫器，确保硫化氢的含量净化到0.02g/m3以下。

As a gas fuel used by farmers for cooking, biogas should have certain quality indicators. Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless and odorless substance with a foul egg odor, and is also a major harmful component in biogas. It not only endangers human health, but also has a strong corrosive effect on kitchen metal appliances, biogas appliances, and pipeline valves. Therefore, for the biogas used by farmers for cooking, it is necessary to install a desulfurizer to ensure that the content of hydrogen sulfide is purified to below 0.02g/m3.

沼气脱硫的方法有湿法和干法两种。干法脱硫具有工艺简单、成熟可靠和造价低廉等优点。目前家用沼气脱硫基本上采用这种方法。

There are two methods for biogas desulfurization: wet method and dry method. Dry desulfurization has the advantages of simple process, mature and reliable, and low cost. At present, this method is mainly used for household biogas desulfurization.

目前市场上有多种户用干式脱硫器商品，内装质量不等的颗粒状氧化铁脱硫剂。氧化铁脱硫剂一般可反复使用3~4次，但不同质量的使用寿命相差近10倍。尽管农村条件有限，而自制脱硫器和脱硫剂对于农村沼气用户也是十分必要的。

At present, there are various household dry desulfurizer products on the market, which contain granular iron oxide desulfurizers of varying qualities. Iron oxide desulfurizers can generally be reused 3-4 times, but the service life of different qualities varies by nearly 10 times. Although rural conditions are limited, homemade desulfurizers and desulfurizers are also necessary for rural biogas users.

所示为一种简易的农户沼气脱硫器。用两个去掉底盖的类似500mL的饮料瓶、内装一块钻有许多ф1~1.5mm小孔的塑料圆片，并盖有2~3层塑料窗纱叠成的圆垫，再对接、用塑料管胶带黏合而成圆柱壳体；两端瓶盖分别开孔，黏接上塑料管嘴作为沼气进、出口接头，打开上端出气口的瓶盖即可装卸粉状或颗粒状的脱硫剂了。需要说明的是，其使用时要竖立安装、塑料圆片在底部，沼气有下而上通过。

The shown is a simple household biogas desulfurizer. Two 500mL beverage bottles with bottom caps removed, filled with a plastic disc with many small holes of 1~1.5mm, and covered with 2-3 layers of plastic window screens stacked on a circular pad, are then docked and glued together with plastic tube tape to form a cylindrical shell; Both ends of the bottle caps are opened separately, and plastic pipe nozzles are glued together as biogas inlet and outlet joints. Open the bottle cap at the upper outlet to load and unload powdered or granular desulfurizers. It should be noted that it should be installed vertically, with plastic discs at the bottom, and biogas passing from bottom to top during use.

1、沼气脱硫剂的配制

1. Preparation of biogas desulfurizer

干法脱硫剂有活性炭、分子筛和氧化铁等。从使用寿命、运行成本、材料易得和使用简易便等综合考虑，目前采用zui多的脱硫剂是氧化铁。其中常用的配方有如下两种。

Dry desulfurization agents include activated carbon, molecular sieve, and iron oxide. Taking into account factors such as service life, operating costs, availability of materials, and ease of use, the most commonly used desulfurizer currently is iron oxide. There are two commonly used formulas.

天然沼铁矿。天然沼铁矿俗称“黄土”，一般含0.5%~1%。使用前映均匀喷洒清水，使含水率达到30%~40%。这种沼铁矿在我国黑龙江省的伊春、天津市的蓟县及北京市的怀柔县等地均有生产。

Natural biogas iron ore. Natural biogas iron ore, commonly known as "loess", generally contains 0.5% to 1%. Spray water evenly before use to achieve a moisture content of 30% to 40%. This type of biogas iron ore is produced in Yichun, Heilongjiang Province, Jixian, Tianjin City, and Huairou County, Beijing City, and other places in China.

人工氧化铁。将粒度为0.6~2.4mm的铸铁屑（或铁屑）和木屑按质量比为1：1掺混，洒水后充分翻晒进行人工氧化；在使用前再掺混0.5%的熟石灰，以调节脱硫剂的pH值达到8~9，并均匀喷洒清水，使含水率达到30%~40%。

Artificial iron oxide. Mix cast iron chips (or iron chips) with wood chips with a particle size of 0.6-2.4mm in a mass ratio of 1:1, sprinkle water, and thoroughly sun dry for artificial oxidation; Before use, mix 0.5% hydrated lime to adjust the pH value of the desulfurizer to 8-9, and evenly spray clean water to achieve a moisture content of 30%~40%.

对于一般的农村沼气而言，采用人工氧化铁法是zui方便和的。但是，如果有山西省汾阳催化济厂生产TG型、北京南郊科星净化剂厂生产的TTL—2型及上海煤气公司生产的PM型脱硫剂，也可购买使用。其脱硫效果好、使用寿命长。

For general rural biogas, using artificial iron oxide method is convenient and feasible. However, if there are TG type desulfurizers produced by Shanxi Fenyang Catalytic Plant, TTL-2 type desulfurizers produced by Beijing Nanjiao Kexing Purification Plant, and PM type desulfurizers produced by Shanghai Gas Company, they can also be purchased and used. Its desulfurization effect is good and its service life is long.

2．干式脱硫剂的再生与交换

2. Regeneration and exchange of dry desulfurizers

沼气脱硫剂中氧化铁为土黄色。当沼气中的硫化氢与氧化铁接触起化学反应生成的硫化铁呈灰黑色时，脱硫剂失去效力，则要再生或更换。将失效的脱硫剂从瓶内倒出，先用清水冲洗以去除由沼气带来的泥沫，然后摊晒在水泥地面上并适当翻晒（能喷洒少量的稀氨水），利用空气中的氧气将硫化铁又氧化成氧化铁。当沼气脱硫剂由灰黑色又变成土黄色时，则再生过程完成。自制的脱硫剂，再生两次就应更换新的脱硫剂。

The iron oxide in the biogas desulfurizer is soil yellow. When the hydrogen sulfide in biogas comes into contact with iron oxide through a chemical reaction, the resulting iron sulfide turns gray black, and the desulfurizer loses its effectiveness, it needs to be regenerated or replaced. Pour out the ineffective desulfurizer from the bottle, rinse with clean water to remove the mud foam brought by biogas, then spread it on the cement floor and turn it over appropriately (able to spray a small amount of dilute ammonia water), and use oxygen in the air to oxidize iron sulfide back into iron oxide. When the biogas desulfurizer changes from gray black to earthy yellow, the regeneration process is completed. The self-made desulfurizer should be replaced with a new one after being regenerated twice.

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