烟气脱硫去除烟道废气中二氧化硫的脱硫剂，采用多的是廉价的石灰、石灰石和用石灰质药剂配制的碱性溶液。脱硫剂能吸收烟气中大部分的二氧化硫固定在燃料渣内。化工厂、冶炼厂等常采用碳酸钠、碱性硫酸铝等溶液作为脱硫剂处理含二氧化硫的尾气，并可解吸回收利用。
The most commonly used desulfurizers for removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas during flue gas desulfurization are inexpensive lime, limestone, and alkaline solutions prepared with calcareous agents. Desulfurizers can absorb most of the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and fix it in the fuel slag. Chemical plants and smelters often use solutions such as sodium carbonate and alkaline aluminum sulfate as desulfurizers to treat tail gas containing sulfur dioxide, which can be desorbed and recycled.
烟气脱硫原理：
Principles of flue gas desulfurization:
这种混合溶液脱硫剂具有表面活性，催化氧化，可以性促进SO2的直接反应，加速CaCO3的溶解，促进CaSO3迅速氧化成CaSO4.强化CaSO4的沉淀，降低液气比，减少钙硫比，减少水分的蒸发。当烟气入口SO2浓度增加，高于设计值时，吸收塔反应池内PH值降低，需要更大的Ca/S比时，在吸收塔反应池容积不需扩大的情况下，CaCO3能够快速溶解，增加钙离子浓度，保持浆液PH值在正常范围，对PH值有一定的缓冲作用。延长工作段浆液的运行时间，减少配浆次数，可使设备结垢明显减少，垢层变薄，停机后用水冲洗，垢层容易脱落。
This mixed solution desulfurizer has surface activity, catalytic oxidation, and can promote the direct reaction of SO2, accelerate the dissolution of CaCO3, and promote the rapid oxidation of CaSO3 to CaSO4. It strengthens the precipitation of CaSO4, reduces the liquid to gas ratio, reduces the calcium sulfur ratio, and reduces water evaporation. When the concentration of SO2 at the flue gas inlet increases above the design value, the pH value in the absorption tower reaction tank decreases, and a larger Ca/S ratio is required. Without expanding the volume of the absorption tower reaction tank, CaCO3 can quickly dissolve, increase the concentration of calcium ions, maintain the slurry pH value within the normal range, and have a certain buffering effect on the pH value. Extending the operating time of the slurry in the working section and reducing the number of slurry mixing can significantly reduce equipment scaling and thin the scale layer. After shutdown, rinse with water, and the scale layer is easy to fall off.
对脱硫系统结垢起分散性和活动性，减少结垢的淤积，减少浆液中氯离子的含量，对脱硫设备中各种材质的腐蚀、结垢速率均有不同程度的减少，其中碳钢减少多，腐蚀、结垢速率分别可减少74%和79%，聚氯乙烯可减少48%和55%。脱硫剂的加入，可起到阻垢防腐缓蚀的作用，减少脱硫喷嘴的堵塞、结垢、腐蚀、磨损，减少浆液循环泵及叶轮的结垢、腐蚀、磨损，减少脱硫系统中备品备件维修和更换。拓宽脱硫材料的选择范围，提高系统的可靠性。在不同的工况下可减少和停用浆液循环泵及氧化风机，提高脱硫效率，降低运行费用，适合煤中的含硫量变化，及适用高硫煤。在烟气脱硫应用中，具有广阔的市场推广优势，可产生可观的经济效益和社会效益。
The dispersion and activity of scaling in the desulfurization system are enhanced, reducing the accumulation of scaling and the content of chloride ions in the slurry. The corrosion and scaling rate of various materials in the desulfurization equipment are reduced to varying degrees, with carbon steel reducing the most, corrosion and scaling rates can be reduced by 74% and 79%, respectively, and polyvinyl chloride can be reduced by 48% and 55%. The addition of desulfurizers can play a role in scale inhibition, corrosion prevention, and corrosion inhibition, reducing the blockage, scaling, corrosion, and wear of desulfurization nozzles, reducing the scaling, corrosion, and wear of slurry circulation pumps and impellers, and reducing the maintenance and replacement of spare parts in the desulfurization system. Expand the selection range of desulfurization materials and improve the reliability of the system. Under different operating conditions, the slurry circulating pump and oxidation fan can be reduced and stopped, improving desulfurization efficiency, reducing operating costs, suitable for changes in sulfur content in coal, and suitable for high sulfur coal. In the application of flue gas desulfurization, it has broad market promotion advantages and can generate considerable economic and social benefits.
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