目前烟气脱硫的方式有许多种，像是湿法脱硫、干法脱硫等等。小编在这里就几种较常见的烟气脱硫方式做一下简单介绍。
At present, there are many ways of flue gas desulfurization, such as wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and so on. Here is a brief introduction of several common flue gas desulfurization methods.
一、湿法脱硫目前较为常见的是钙法脱硫，氨法脱硫，碱法脱硫。
1、 At present, the common wet desulfurization methods are calcium desulfurization, ammonia desulfurization and alkali desulfurization.
首先介绍一下钙法脱硫。钙法脱硫在我国烟气脱硫领域占据了较大的份额。究其原因主要是钙法脱硫在国内应用的较早，技术也比较成熟，投资费用也较低。钙法脱硫的原料是氧化钙，原料价格比较便宜也易取。其脱硫效率也较高，一般在95%左右。其处理的烟气硫含量一般在3000mg/Nm以下，其原理是烟气在脱硫塔内通过喷淋层与脱硫液接触，脱除烟气中的二氧化硫，生成副产物硫酸钙。钙法脱硫在脱硫过程中需要将氧化钙熟化，因此其需要脱硫液的制备，这就需要建设熟化池和沉淀池，因此其占地较大，并且有外排水的产生。其副产物硫酸钙也就是石膏，目前处于饱和趋势，销售价格较低，或是企业作为固废投资处理。这是钙法脱硫目前面临的一大问题。
First of all, the calcium desulfurization method is introduced. Calcium desulfurization occupies a large share in the field of flue gas desulfurization in China. The main reason is that calcium desulfurization was applied earlier in China, the technology is relatively mature, and the investment cost is low. The raw material of calcium method desulfurization is calcium oxide, which is cheap and easy to get. Its desulfurization efficiency is also high, generally about 95%. The sulfur content of the treated flue gas is generally less than 3000mg / nm. The principle is that the flue gas contacts with the desulfurization liquid through the spray layer in the desulfurization tower to remove the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and generate the by-product calcium sulfate. In the process of desulfurization, calcium oxide needs to be matured, so it needs the preparation of desulfurization solution, which requires the construction of maturation tank and sedimentation tank, so it occupies a large area and has the generation of external drainage. Its by-product calcium sulfate, namely gypsum, is in the trend of saturation at present, and its sales price is relatively low, or it is treated as solid waste investment by enterprises. This is a major problem of calcium desulfurization.
氨法脱硫主要应用于化工行业，其原因主要是化工行业一般有氨水的制备或是废氨水的产生，相较于其他行业而言，化工行业使用氨法脱硫的脱硫剂投资要低。氨法脱硫相较于钙法脱硫而言其脱硫效率要更高，一般在97%左右的效率，并且其处理的烟气硫含量也较钙法脱硫高。氨法脱硫的脱硫塔为填料塔，相较钙法脱硫的空塔喷淋其塔内有明显的分段结构。氨法脱硫的副产物为硫酸铵，可作为化肥或复合肥使用。氨法脱硫过程中无三废的产生，是目前湿法脱硫中比较清洁且具有经济利益的脱硫方式。随着碳排放的控制越来越严格，氨法脱硫有望成为一种应用广泛的脱硫方式。
Ammonia desulfurization is mainly used in the chemical industry, the main reason is that the chemical industry generally has the preparation of ammonia or the production of waste ammonia. Compared with other industries, the investment of desulfurization agent using ammonia desulfurization in the chemical industry is lower. The desulfurization efficiency of ammonia method is higher than that of calcium method, generally about 97%, and the sulfur content of flue gas treated by ammonia method is also higher than that of calcium method. The desulfurization tower of ammonia desulfurization is packed tower, which has obvious sectional structure compared with the empty tower of calcium desulfurization. The by-product of ammonia desulfurization is ammonium sulfate, which can be used as chemical fertilizer or compound fertilizer. No three wastes are produced in the process of ammonia desulfurization, which is a clean and economic way in wet desulfurization. With more and more strict control of carbon emission, ammonia desulfurization is expected to become a widely used desulfurization method.
碱法脱硫与钙法脱硫形式相同，只不过脱硫剂不同，一般而言，碱法脱硫和钙法脱硫都需要配合湿电除尘器来满足出口颗粒物的达标排放。
The forms of alkali desulfurization and calcium desulfurization are the same, but the desulfurizer is different. Generally speaking, both alkali desulfurization and calcium desulfurization need to cooperate with wet electrostatic precipitator to meet the emission standard of export particles.
二、干法脱硫目前应用较广泛的为钠基干法脱硫、活性焦（碳）脱硫
2、 At present, sodium based dry desulfurization and activated coke (carbon) desulfurization are widely used
钠基干法脱硫又名SDS干法脱硫，因其设备简单，占地面积小，投资低而适用于低硫含量的烟气脱硫领域，应用较为广泛的为钢铁行业，焦化炉，燃气锅炉等。该种脱硫方式可通过研磨机和输送风机将研磨达标的物料输送至烟道内在干态下与烟气中的二氧化硫反应，其脱硫效率也较高一般是在90%以上。
Sodium based dry desulfurization, also known as SDS dry desulfurization, is suitable for flue gas desulfurization with low sulfur content because of its simple equipment, small footprint and low investment. It is widely used in iron and steel industry, coking furnace, gas-fired boiler, etc. This kind of desulfurization method can transport the material which meets the grinding standard to the flue through the grinder and the conveying fan, and react with the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas in the dry state, and its desulfurization efficiency is also high, generally more than 90%.
活性焦（碳）脱硫是一种物理吸附式脱硫。利用活性焦（碳）的吸附性将烟气中的二氧化硫吸附在活性焦（碳）内，再在解析塔的作用下，不同的温度压力下将活性焦（碳）的气体解析出来，回收纯气体，实现原料的循环利用。但其设备占地较大，并且投资费用巨大，因此在小型企业未得到推广使用。
Activated coke (carbon) desulfurization is a kind of physical adsorption desulfurization. The sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is adsorbed in the active coke (carbon) by using the adsorptivity of the active coke (carbon), and then the gas of the active coke (carbon) is resolved under different temperature and pressure under the action of the analytical tower, so as to recover the pure gas and realize the recycling of raw materials. But its equipment covers a large area, and the investment cost is huge, so it is not widely used in small enterprises.
The above desulfurization methods are widely used in the market. If you want to know more about environmental protection desulfurization, please consult our official website of biological desulfurization https://www.hneee.net .
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2021-04-28
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