油气田是各种有毒气体(硫化氢、一氧化碳、煤气)的发源地,有毒气体泄漏时不时会发生,有毒气体预防是每个工作人员必不可少的一项责任。详说下硫化氢泄漏应采取哪些措施。
Oil and gas fields are the birthplace of all kinds of toxic gases (hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, gas). The leakage of toxic gases occurs from time to time, and the prevention of toxic gases is an indispensable responsibility of every staff. What measures should be taken for hydrogen sulfide leakage.
一,含硫地区钻井液的PH值要求控制在9.5以上。用煤气报警器加强对钻井液中硫化氢浓度的测量,充分发挥除硫剂和除气器的功能,保持钻井液中硫化氢浓度含量在每立方米50毫克以下。
1、 The pH value of drilling fluid in sour area should be controlled above 9.5. Strengthen the measurement of hydrogen sulfide concentration in drilling fluid with gas alarm, give full play to the functions of desulfurizer and degasser, and keep the hydrogen sulfide concentration in drilling fluid below 50 mg / m3.
二,一旦发生井喷事故,应立即上报油气田主管部门;若发生井喷失控事故,24小时内上报集团或股份公司。
2、 In case of blowout accident, it shall be reported to the competent department of oil and gas field immediately; in case of out of control blowout accident, it shall be reported to the group or joint stock company within 24 hours.
三,在井架入口、井架上、钻台边上、循环系统等处设置风向标,一旦发生紧急情况,作业人员可向上风口疏散。四,在钻台上下、震动筛、循环罐等气体易于积聚的场所,安装防暴排风扇以驱散工作场所弥漫的有害、可燃气体。含硫地区钻井队应配备便携式硫化氢检测仪。
3、 Wind vanes shall be set at the entrance of the derrick, on the derrick, on the edge of the drill floor and at the circulation system. In case of emergency, the operators can evacuate to the upper air outlet. 4、 In places where gas is easy to accumulate, such as up and down the drill floor, vibrating screen and circulating tank, anti riot exhaust fan shall be installed to disperse harmful and combustible gas in the workplace. Portable hydrogen sulfide detector should be equipped for drilling team in sour area.
另外,非常重要的一点,当有硫化氢含量超过每立方米20毫克的安全临界浓度时,工作人员应佩带空气呼吸器,不允许单独行动,派专人监护现场。在含硫地区钻井、生产班当班人员每人配一套空气呼吸器,另配一定数量的公用空气呼吸器,并做到人人会使用、会维护、会检查。钻井队钻井技术人员负责防硫化氢安全教育,队长负责监督检查。
In addition, it is very important that when the content of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the safe critical concentration of 20 mg / m3, the staff should wear air respirators, and not be allowed to act alone. Special personnel should be assigned to monitor the scene. In sulfur-containing areas, drilling and production personnel on duty shall be equipped with a set of air respirators, and a certain number of public air respirators, so that everyone can use, maintain and inspect them. The drilling technicians of the drilling team are responsible for the safety education of hydrogen sulfide prevention, and the team leader is responsible for the supervision and inspection.
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