运行厌氧反应器的工程师知道，厌氧反应会产生沼气，该沼气通常包含一定量的硫化氢(H2S)。 不同的工业废水中沼气中硫化氢的含量也不同。 如果硫化氢含量太高，则在进入锅炉之前必须去除沼气中的硫化氢，以免腐蚀管道和锅炉。 今天，我们将介绍当前的沼气技术。
Engineers running anaerobic reactors know that anaerobic reactions produce biogas, which usually contains a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas is different in different industrial wastewater. If the content of hydrogen sulfide is too high, the hydrogen sulfide in biogas must be removed before entering the boiler, so as to avoid corrosion of pipes and boilers. Today, we will introduce the current advanced biogas technology.
1.沼气来源
1. Biogas source
沼气通常来自于污水的厌氧处理，粪便，秸秆发酵，石油和天然气等。提纯后的沼气可以用作清洁能源，代替天然气和煤炭用于发电，供热，蒸汽生产等。 分离出的硫化氢气体被转化。 它是一种固体生物硫，可以用作化肥和化学工业的原料。 沼气可通过吸收和净化用于能源净化，既节省能源，减少排放，又节省了生产成本。
Biogas usually comes from anaerobic treatment of sewage, manure, straw fermentation, oil and natural gas, etc. The purified biogas can be used as clean energy instead of natural gas and coal for power generation, heating and steam production. The separated hydrogen sulfide gas is transformed. It is a kind of solid biological sulfur, which can be used as raw material of chemical fertilizer and chemical industry. Biogas can be used for energy purification through absorption and purification, which not only saves energy, reduces emissions, but also saves production costs.
2.沼气的价值
2. The value of Biogas
1m3沼气≈0.65m3天然气≈0.7kg标准煤≈7.5kg蒸汽≈1.8kwh电，按工业天然气3.0元/立方米计算，使用1立方米沼气可节省1.95元。
1 m3 biogas ≈ 0.65m3 natural gas ≈ 0.7kg standard coal ≈ 7.5kg steam ≈ 1.8kwh electricity, calculated by 3.0 yuan / m3 of industrial natural gas, 1.95 yuan can be saved by using 1 cubic meter of biogas.
2.沼气脱硫与烟气脱硫的区别
2. The difference between biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization
尽管沼气脱硫和烟气脱硫都是脱硫，但它们是完全不同的过程。 烟气脱硫从工业废气中去除了二氧化硫，SO2和SO3。 我们经常说脱硫和反硝化是指去除二氧化硫。 沼气脱硫是指从沼气中去除硫化氢(H2S)，以减少后续管道，燃烧锅炉或发电机的腐蚀。
Although both biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization are desulfurization, they are totally different processes. Flue gas desulfurization removes sulfur dioxide, SO2 and SO3 from industrial waste gas. We often say that desulfurization and denitrification refer to the removal of sulfur dioxide. Biogas desulfurization refers to the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from biogas to reduce the corrosion of subsequent pipelines, combustion boilers or generators.
3.什么是沼气?
3. What is biogas?
沼气(简称沼气脱硫)是一种利用生物菌株从沼气中去除高腐蚀性，剧毒的硫化氢气体的方法。 该工艺具有自动化程度高，工艺简单，运行成本低的优点。
Biogas (biogas desulfurization) is a method to remove highly corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide from biogas by biological strains. The process has the advantages of high automation, simple process and low operation cost.
工艺原理
Process principle
厌氧发酵产生的沼气进入洗涤塔，并与碱性循环喷雾器进行吸收反应，从沼气中去除硫化氢。 吸收富液的硫化氢返回到生物反应器中，通过生物转化将硫化氢转化为固体元素硫，并将溶液再生为碱性吸收液(也变为稀液)，可用于洗涤沼气， 从而实现了吸收剂的再循环和再循环。 硫固体的分离通过硫沉淀器实现。
The biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation enters the washing tower and absorbs and reacts with the basic circulation sprayer to remove hydrogen sulfide from the biogas. The hydrogen sulfide absorbed from the rich liquid is returned to the bioreactor, and the hydrogen sulfide is converted into solid sulfur by biotransformation, and the solution is regenerated into alkaline absorption solution (also into dilute liquid), which can be used to wash biogas, so as to realize the recycling and recycling of absorbent. The separation of sulfur solid is realized by sulfur precipitator.
该过程将弱碱性条件下硫化氢的物理化学吸收与碱性溶液在空气中的生物再生结合在一起。 含有硫化氢的沼气进入洗涤器，在洗涤器中被吸收硫化氢的碱性溶液洗涤，处理后的沼气中硫化氢的去除率高达99.5%。 经过系统处理后，沼气可用于气体发生器发电，用作锅炉燃料或输入当地的小型燃气供应网络。
This process combines the physical and chemical absorption of hydrogen sulfide under weak alkaline conditions with the biological regeneration of alkaline solution in air. The biogas containing hydrogen sulfide enters into the scrubber and is washed by the alkaline solution of hydrogen sulfide absorbed in the scrubber. The removal rate of hydrogen sulfide in the treated biogas is as high as 99.5%. After being processed by the system, biogas can be used for gas generator power generation, boiler fuel or local small gas supply network.
几乎不含硫化氢的沼气从洗涤塔顶部逸出，含硫化氢的溶液流入生物反应器，在限制氧气供应的条件下，其被氧化成元素硫和碱。 该系统的少量废水(包括钠盐)和副产品硫都不含硫化物，并且排放没有问题。
Almost no hydrogen sulfide gas escapes from the top of the scrubber, and the solution containing hydrogen sulfide flows into the bioreactor. Under the condition of limiting oxygen supply, it is oxidized to elemental sulfur and alkali. A small amount of waste water (including sodium salt) and by-product sulfur in the system do not contain sulfide, and there is no problem to discharge.
4.的技术优势
4. Technical advantages of
-全自动无人值守，高度稳定可靠。
-Automatic unattended, highly stable and reliable.
-深度去除硫化氢(出口硫化氢含量50-100ppm)
-Deep removal of hydrogen sulfide (outlet hydrogen sulfide content 50-100ppm)
-宽容范围内的气体流量和硫负荷波动
-Gas flow and sulfur load fluctuation within tolerance range
-沼气不被空气稀释：沼气与空气之间存在严格的物理隔离
-Biogas is not diluted by air: there is strict physical isolation between biogas and air
-仅少量的碱，水和营养
-Only a small amount of alkali, water and nutrients
-没有堵塞和污垢的风险，因此减少了维护
-There is no risk of clogging and fouling, so maintenance is reduced
-常温常压运行
-Normal temperature and normal pressure operation
-产生元素硫：可用作肥料和农药
-Produce elemental sulfur: can be used as fertilizer and pesticide
5.应用领域
5. Application fields
沼气技术被广泛应用于各个领域。 污水厌氧处理，粪便，秸秆发酵以及由石油和天然气产生的沼气中硫化氢的含量过高。
Biogas technology is widely used in various fields. The content of hydrogen sulfide in sewage anaerobic treatment, feces, straw fermentation and biogas produced by oil and natural gas is too high.
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2020-11-16
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