脱除沼气中硫化氢的方法很多，一般可分为干法脱硫、湿法脱硫和生物法脱硫。湿法和干法属于传统的化学方法，是目前沼气脱硫的主要手段，但此方法的缺点是污染大、成本高、效率低; 生物脱硫是目前国际上新兴的脱硫技术，是利用微生物的代谢作用将沼气中的硫化氢转化为单质硫或硫酸盐，可实现环保和低成本脱硫。干法脱硫按原理和方法可分为化学吸附法、化学吸收法和催化加氢法。
There are many methods for removing hydrogen sulfide from biogas, which can generally be divided into dry desulfurization, wet desulfurization, and biological desulfurization. Wet and dry methods belong to traditional chemical methods and are currently the main methods for biogas desulfurization. However, the drawbacks of this method are high pollution, high cost, and low efficiency; Biological desulfurization is currently an emerging desulfurization technology internationally, which utilizes the metabolic action of microorganisms to convert hydrogen sulfide in biogas into elemental sulfur or sulfate, achieving environmental protection and low-cost desulfurization. Dry desulfurization can be divided into chemical adsorption method, chemical absorption method, and catalytic hydrogenation method based on principles and methods.
化学吸附法即脱硫剂吸附沼气中的硫化物以达到脱硫的目的。化学吸收法即脱硫剂与沼气中的硫化物反应将硫化物脱除的过程。催化加氢法即含气体在钴钼、镍钼等催化剂存在时，使有机硫转化为 H2S 然后将其脱除。湿法脱硫技术已经有 100 多年的历史湿法脱硫是利用特定的溶剂与气体逆流接触而脱除其中的 H2S，溶剂通过再生后重新进行吸收，根据吸收机理与再生性质的不同，湿法分为化学吸收法、物理吸收法、物理化学吸收法以及湿式氧化法。化学吸收法以弱碱性溶液为吸收剂，与硫化氢进行化学反应形成化合物，当富液温度升高、压力降低时，该化合物就分解，放出硫化氢。化学吸附法可以同时吸收硫化氢和二氧化碳。
Chemical adsorption method refers to the adsorption of sulfides in biogas by desulfurizers to achieve the goal of desulfurization. Chemical absorption method refers to the process of removing sulfides by reacting desulfurization agents with sulfides in biogas. Catalytic hydrogenation method refers to the process of converting organic sulfur into H2S and removing it in the presence of cobalt molybdenum, nickel molybdenum, and other catalysts. Wet desulfurization technology has a history of over 100 years. Wet desulfurization uses a specific solvent to remove H2S by countercurrent contact with gas. The solvent is regenerated and reabsorbed. According to the different absorption mechanisms and regeneration properties, wet desulfurization can be divided into chemical absorption method, physical absorption method, physical chemical absorption method, and wet oxidation method. The chemical absorption method uses a weakly alkaline solution as an absorbent and reacts with hydrogen sulfide to form a compound. When the temperature of the rich solution increases and the pressure decreases, the compound decomposes and releases hydrogen sulfide. Chemical adsorption method can simultaneously absorb hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.
物理吸收法是以常用的有机溶剂（甲醇、环丁砜、丙烯碳酸酯，聚乙二醇二甲醚，N-甲基吡啶烷酮等）为吸收剂，其吸收完全为物理过程，当富液降低压力时，硫化氢就完全放出。
The physical absorption method uses common organic solvents (methanol, Sulfolane, propylene carbonate, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, N-methyl pyridine ketone, etc.) as the absorbent, and its absorption is completely a physical process. When the rich liquid reduces the pressure, hydrogen sulfide will be completely released.
这类方法有甲醇法、环丁砜法、聚乙二醇二甲醚法、冷甲醇法等。湿式氧化法是借溶液中载氧体的催化作用，把被吸收的硫化氢转化为硫磺，使溶液获得再生。氧化法主要有氨水法、砷碱法和蒽醌二磺酸钠法等。其中，铁基工艺具有较大的市场竞争力，其主要优点是脱硫效率高，硫容量大，成本底。
Such methods include methanol method, Sulfolane method, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether method, cold methanol method, etc. Wet oxidation method utilizes the catalytic action of oxygen carriers in the solution to convert absorbed hydrogen sulfide into sulfur, resulting in regeneration of the solution. The oxidation methods mainly include ammonia water method, arsenic alkali method, and sodium anthraquinone disulfonate method. Among them, iron-based processes have significant market competitiveness, with the main advantages of high desulfurization efficiency, large sulfur capacity, and low cost.
生物脱硫是 20 世纪 80 年代发展起来的替代传统脱硫方法的新工艺，它是在时宜的温度，湿度，pH 值，营养物和微氧条件下，利用微生物（ 如氧化亚铁硫杆菌、氧化硫杆菌、脱氮硫杆菌、排硫硫杆菌、光合脱硫细菌、硫杆菌、无色硫细菌等） 的生命活动将有机污染物转化为对人体健康和生态环境无害的
Biological desulfurization is a new process developed in the 1980s to replace traditional desulfurization methods. It operates under appropriate temperature, humidity, pH value, nutrients, and micro oxygen conditions, Use the life activities of microorganisms (such as Thiobacillus Iron(II) oxide, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, Thiobacillus denitrificans, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, photosynthetic desulfurization bacteria, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, colorless sulfur bacteria, etc.) to transform organic pollutants into harmless ones for human health and ecological environment
化合物。
Compound.
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