运转过厌氧反响器的工程师都晓得，厌氧反响会产生沼气，而沼气中常常含有一定量的硫化氢（H2S）。不同的工业废水，沼气中硫化氢的含量各有不同。假如硫化氢含量过高，就必需在进锅炉熄灭之前脱除沼气中的硫化氢，以防止腐蚀管道和锅炉。今天，我们就引见一下当前比拟的沼气生物脱硫技术。
Engineers who have run anaerobic reactors know that anaerobic reactions produce biogas, which often contains a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas varies with different industrial wastewater. If the hydrogen sulfide content is too high, it is necessary to remove the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas before the boiler goes out to prevent corrosion of the pipeline and boiler. Today, we will introduce the advanced biogas bio desulfurization technology.
1. 沼气的来源
1. Source of Biogas
沼气通常来源于污水厌氧处置、粪便、秸秆发酵、石油自然气等，净化后的沼气可作为清洁能源，替代自然气、煤炭，用于发电、取暖、消费蒸汽等；别离出的硫化氢气体被转换成固态的生物硫磺，可作为化肥、化工等行业的原料。沼气经过吸收净化可资源应用，即完成了节能减排，也节约了企业的消费本钱。
Biogas usually comes from anaerobic treatment of sewage, feces, straw fermentation, petroleum natural gas, etc. the purified biogas can be used as clean energy, instead of natural gas and coal, for power generation, heating, consumption steam, etc.; the separated hydrogen sulfide gas is converted into solid bio sulfur, which can be used as raw materials for chemical fertilizer, chemical industry and other industries. Biogas can be used to absorb and purify resources, which not only completes energy conservation and emission reduction, but also saves the consumption cost of enterprises.
2. 沼气的价值
2. Value of Biogas
1m3沼气≈0.65m3自然气≈0.7kg规范煤≈ 7.5kg 蒸汽≈1.8kwh电，依照工业自然气3.0元/立方米计算，应用1立方沼气可节约1.95元。
1m3 of biogas ≈ 0.65m3 of natural gas ≈ 0.7kg of standard coal ≈ 7.5kg of steam ≈ 1.8kwh of electricity. According to the calculation of 3.0 yuan / m3 of industrial natural gas, 1 cubic meter of biogas can save 1.95 yuan.
2. 沼气脱硫和烟气脱硫的区别
2. Difference between biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization
沼气脱硫和烟气脱硫固然都是脱硫，但确是完整不同的两种工艺。烟气脱硫是从工业废气中脱除二氧化硫SO2和SO3。我们常说的脱硫脱硝，就指的是脱除二氧化硫。而沼气脱硫是指从沼气中脱除硫化氢(H2S)，以减少对后续管道、熄灭锅炉或发电机的腐蚀。
Although biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization are both desulfurization, they are completely different processes. Flue gas desulfurization is to remove SO2 and SO3 from industrial waste gas. As we often say, desulfurization and denitrification refers to the removal of sulfur dioxide. Biogas desulfurization refers to the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from biogas to reduce the corrosion of subsequent pipelines, extinguished boilers or generators.
3. 什么是沼气生物脱硫？
3. What is biogas bio desulfurization?
沼气生物脱硫（简称沼气脱硫）是应用生物菌种去除沼气中腐蚀性强、毒性强的硫化氢气体的一种工艺办法，这个工艺具有自动化水平高，流程简约，运转本钱低等优点。
Biogas bio desulfurization (referred to as biogas desulfurization) is a process method to remove the corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide gas in biogas by using biological bacteria. This process has the advantages of high automation level, simple process and low operating cost.
3. 工艺原理
3. Process principle
如下图，厌氧发酵产生的沼气进入洗濯塔，经过与碱性循环喷淋液发作吸收反响，从而去除沼气中的硫化氢。吸收硫化氢的富液回流至生物反响器内，经过生物转化，将硫化氢转化成固态单质硫磺，并将溶液再生为可用于洗濯沼气的碱性吸收液（亦成为贫液），从而完成了吸收剂的回收和再生循环应用。经过硫沉淀器完成硫磺固体的别离。
As shown in the figure below, the biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation enters into the washing tower and reacts with the alkaline circulating spray liquid to remove the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas. The rich solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide is returned to the bioreactor, and after biotransformation, hydrogen sulfide is converted into solid elemental sulfur, and the solution is regenerated into an alkaline absorption solution (also known as lean solution) which can be used for washing biogas, so as to complete the recovery and recycling application of absorbent. The separation of sulfur solid is completed through sulfur precipitator.
此工艺将弱碱性条件下硫化氢的物理化学吸收与空气作用下碱性溶液的生物再生相分离。含有硫化氢的沼气进入洗濯塔，在这里被吸收硫化氢的碱溶液洗濯，处置后的沼气硫化氢去除率高达99.5%。经系统处置后，沼气可用于燃气发电机发电，用作锅炉燃料或输入至当地小型供气网络。
In this process, the physical and chemical absorption of hydrogen sulfide under weak alkaline condition is separated from the biological regeneration of alkaline solution under the action of air. The biogas containing hydrogen sulfide enters into the washing tower, where it is washed by the alkali solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide. The removal rate of hydrogen sulfide in the treated biogas is as high as 99.5%. After system disposal, biogas can be used for gas generator power generation, boiler fuel or input to local small gas supply network.
简直不含硫化氢的沼气从洗濯塔顶部逸出，含硫化氢的溶液流入生物反响器，在此细菌在限制供氧条件下将其氧化为单质硫和碱。该系统的少量排出液（含钠盐）和副产品硫磺中都不含硫化物，排放没有问题。
Hydrogen sulfide free biogas escapes from the top of the washing tower, and hydrogen sulfide containing solution flows into the bioreactor, where the bacteria oxidize it to elemental sulfur and alkali under the condition of limited oxygen supply. A small amount of discharge liquid (containing sodium salt) and sulfur by-product of the system do not contain sulfide, so there is no problem in discharge.
4. 生物脱硫的技术优势
4. Technical advantages of biological desulfurization
- 全自动无人值守，高度稳定牢靠。
-Fully automatic unattended, highly stable and reliable.
- 深度的硫化氢去除（出口硫化氢含量50-100ppm）
-Deep hydrogen sulfide removal (outlet hydrogen sulfide content 50-100ppm)
- 可耐受气体流量和硫负荷较宽范围的动摇
-It can withstand the fluctuation of gas flow and sulfur load in a wide range
- 沼气不会被空气稀释：沼气和空气之间有严厉的物理别离
-Biogas will not be diluted by air: there is a strict physical separation between biogas and air
- 只需少量的碱、水和营养物
-Just a small amount of alkali, water and nutrients
- 没有梗塞和污垢的风险，因而维护工作量少
-There is no risk of clogging and fouling and therefore less maintenance
- 常温常压运转
-Normal temperature and pressure operation
- 产生单质硫：可作为肥料和杀虫剂
-Production of elemental sulfur: it can be used as fertilizer and insecticide
5. 应用的范畴
5. Scope of application
沼气生物脱硫技术应用的范畴十分普遍。污水厌氧处置、粪便、秸秆发酵、石油自然气产生的沼气硫化氢含量过高，都能够应用。
Biogas bio desulfurization technology is widely used. Anaerobic treatment of sewage, manure, straw fermentation, high content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas produced by natural gas can be applied.
The above is a detailed introduction to the working principle and advantages of biogas bio desulfurization. For more information, please consult the website https://www.hneee.net 。
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2020-06-05
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